Full port ball valve VS reduced port ball valve
There are two different types of ball valves according to the flow passage form--- full port ball valve and reduced port ball valve. A full port ball valve, known as full bore ball valve, has the same bore diameter as internal diameter as the pipe. A reduced ball valves, also known as the standard port valve, has a smaller bore diameter than the internal diameter of the pipework it is on. For example, the bore size in a 8 inch full-port ball valve is 8 inch in internal bore. It will be compatible with a 8inch pipeline. While the bore diameter in a reduced ball valve is 6 inch in internal diameter. . But a standard reduced (standard) port ball valve can cause a restriction of flow, cavitation, and loss of pressure.
Applications
The bore of a full-port ball valve has no restriction in the piping. When it is fully open in a piping and you will not be able to see any restrictions in the pipe. Full bore ball valves are the ideal solution where pressure drop is a concern. For instance, on pump suction piping system, a pressure drop can affect the performance of pump and full-port valve is necessary. Another application for full-bore valves is for cleaning. It is the ideal choice where pigging of process lines is a major consideration. Such as in the oil and gas industry, A full-port ball valve is pushed through piping system to clean the inside of the pipes and valves like a football, but a pig would get stuck on a reduced port valve.
The reduced port ball valve is mainly used for conveying gas or medium physical performance similar to water in the pipeline system, where pressure drop, turbulence in the flow and material characteristics are not a concern. It is the normal choice because its weight is about 30% lighter and less cost as compared to the full port ball valve.
Similarities
Both full-port and reduced port ball valves have the same design and function. They are almost available in the same material, sizes and pressure ratings. Both can be equipped with manual, pneumatic and electric actuators and have the same type of connection, like flanged, screwed, and welded ends.
Conclusion
In general, reduced port ball valve is smaller in size and requires smaller installation space. It is about 30% weight lighter than the full port ball valve and cheaper. For full port ball valve, the valve is larger and more expensive. Usually it is used where flow is unrestricted.
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